Part Four IV › Division II II › Section 422 422

Human Health

Subject Outline

AStages in the human life cycle
- 1Fertilization: the beginning of life [see also 331.E.]
- 2Prenatal development [see also 338.B.]
- 3Birth
- 4Postnatal development [see also 338.B.]
- 5Reproduction [see also 337]
- 6Aging
- 7Dying and death
BDefinitions and ranges of normality in human health
CBodily mechanisms for the maintenance of human health during stress
- 1The maintenance of the internal environment and the adaptation of cells to severe stress
- 2Defenses against disease
  - aMaintenance of integrity of skin and mucosal linings
  - bRole of the phagocytic cells of the body
  - cInflammation: the response to biological insult
  - dThe immune response
- 3Role of the blood in the prevention of hemorrhage
- 4Healing: the processes of regeneration and organization in the repair of tissues
- 5The alarm reaction: preparation through the effects of certain hormones for either flight or resistance [see 421.E.1.b.]
DOther regimes affecting standard values in human health
- 1Nutrition and diet
  - aFunctions of food
  - bClasses of food
  - cRecommended intakes of nutrients to meet standards of physiological and metabolic requirements
  - dFeeding behaviour
  - eTherapeutic diets
- 2Exercise and physical conditioning
  - aExercise needs: maintenance of health, avoidance of exercise injuries, and assessment of exercise adequacy
  - bPhysiological responses to exercise and the effects of physical conditioning
- 3The state of sleep and its effects
  - aThe nature of sleep: criteria for and problems in defining sleep
  - bPsychophysiological variations in sleep; e.g., rem, nrem, light and deep sleep, dreaming