Part Nine IX › Division VI VI › Section 969 969

Southeast Asia Under the Influence of European Imperialism

Subject Outline

AThe states and European colonies of mainland Southeast Asia from c. 1600 to c. 1920
- 1Myanmar (Burma) and Malaya from c. 1600 to c. 1920: the advent of British rule
  - aMyanmar from c. 1600 to c. 1920
    - iRenewed expansionism and wars with the Mons, Thais, and Chinese under the Alaungpaya dynasty from 1752: the First and Second Anglo-Burmese Wars (1824-26, 1852), traditional administration in Myanmar
    - iiThe Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885) and annexation to British India (1886), effects of British colonialism: destruction of traditional church-state relationship, impoverishment of the population
  - bMalaya from c. 1630 to c. 1920: loss of autonomy through Dutch and British intrusions
    - iDutch intervention in the Malay states and seizure of Malacca (1641), immigration of Minangkabau from Sumatra and Buginese from Celebes (mid- 17th- 18th century)
    - iiBritish incursions into Malaya in the late 18th century, steady immigration of Chinese throughout the 19th century and resulting social unrest, British intervention and assumption of power from sultanates of Malaya from the 1870s
- 2Indochina and the development of French rule from c. 1516
  - aPortuguese and French missionary involvement in Vietnam and Vietnamese reaction (151 6-- 1858), French intervention in Indochina and territorial acquisition of Cochinchina and Cambodia (1858-63)
  - bPeriod of colonization (1873-93); establishment of French protectorates in Annam, Tonkin, and Laos; French administration in Indochina
- 3Siam from c. 1620 to c. 1910
  - aTrade relations with China and other Asian countries, influence of Thera vada Buddhism, Dutch and French intrusions and establishment of trade in the 1660s
  - bInvasion by Myanmar (1767) and end of Ayutthayan kingdom domination; political reunification and establishment of Chakkri dynasty (1782); social, cultural, and legal development in the early 19th century; Chinese immigration; expansion of trade with the U.S. and with European countries; reign of Mongkut (1851-68)
  - cPolitical, social, and economic reforms in the reign of Chulalongkom (1868-1910): Anglo-French activity in Southeast Asia and acquisition of Siamese territory (1893-1909)
- 4Laos from c. 1600: establishment of separate kingdoms of Luang Prabang and Vientiane in 1707, Siamese domination from 1778, establishment of French protectorate in 1893
BThe states and European colonies of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Philippines from c. 1500 to c. 1920
- 1The Portuguese and the Spanish in Southeast Asia
  - aPortuguese naval and commercial activities, domination of the Strait of Malacca, and rivalry with the Spanish in the Spice Islands; collapse of Portuguese commercial empire with the defeat by the Dutch (1641)
  - bThe Philippines to c. 1920
    - iThe people and culture of the Philippines prior to the arrival of the Spanish
    - iiSpanish control of the Philippines (1571-1898): government administration and influence of the Roman Catholic Church, land policy and overseas trade, rise of nationalism in the 19th century
    - iiiThe Philippine Revolution of 1896-98, U.S. support in ousting the Spanish, subsequent U.S. takeover and administration to c. 1920
- 2The Dutch and other European powers in Indonesia from c. 1600 to c. 1920
  - aThe Dutch East India Company (1602-1799): Coen's establishment of Dutch commercial supremacy, company rule in Java, decline and abolition of the company
  - bThe French and British in Java (1806-15), Dutch rule in the 19th century
    - iThe Culture System (Cultuur-stelsel) and its deleterious effects on Java (1830-70): the Liberal Policy