Part Nine IX › Division VI VI › Section 968 968

South Asia Under the Influence of European Imperialism from c. 1500 to c. 1920

Subject Outline

AEuropean activity in India (1498-c. 1760)
- 1Portuguese commercial relations with India from 1498: establishment of the colony of Goa, decline of Portuguese hegemony and rise of British and Dutch influence
- 2Dutch trading posts and conflicts with the British
- 3The British and French in India
  - aEstablishment and growth of British settlements and trading posts (1600-1740): the East India Company, relations with indigenous peoples
  - bDevelopment of French trading companies from 1674: Anglo-French rivalry (1740-63) and establishment of British hegemony
  - cThe British seizure of Calcutta (1757) and Clive's establishment of British control over the local Bengal ruler (1757-60)
BExtension of British power (1760-1858)
- 1Growth of the political power of the British East India Company and attempts by the British crown to regulate its affairs
  - aSecuring of British supremacy in Bengal
  - bWarren Hastings (1774-85) and the transition of the status of the company from revenue farmer to a ruling power in India
  - cWars with the Marathas and Mysore at the end of the 18th century
  - dExpansion and consolidation of British control over various Indian states during administrations of Lord Wellesley (1798-1805), Lord Minto (1807-13), and Lord Hastings (1813-23)
  - eThe organization and determination of administrative policy: Cornwallis and the transition toward British administrative procedures
  - fCompletion of British annexation of, or domination over, the Afghan, Sikh, and Lower Burmese kingdoms in the 1840s and 1850s
- 2The political, legal, economic, social, and cultural effects of the first century of British influence
- 3The cause, outbreak, suppression, and effects of the Indian Mutiny (1857-59): the British crown's assumption of total responsibility for the government of India
CBritish imperial power (1858-1920)
- 1Climax of the raj: social and economic policies, government organization, the influence of the viceroys
- 2British foreign policy in India: conflicts with Russia over the northwest frontier, the incorporation of Burma (1886), the Second Afghan War (1878-80) and the creation of the North-West Frontier Province (1901), the Third Afghan War (1919)
- 3Beginning of Indian nationalism in the late 19th century and the British response: formation of the Indian National Congress (1885), policies of Lord Curzon (1899-1905), partition of Bengal, founding of the nationalist Muslim League, the Indian Councils Act of 1909
- 4World War I and its aftermath: India's contribution to the war effort, anti-British activity, the Amritsar massacre, the Government of India Act (1919), Hindu-Muslim relations, the emergence of Mahatma Gandhi and the adoption of his noncooperation policy
DCeylon under foreign rulers from c. 1505 to 1920
- 1Portuguese political and commercial activities in Ceylon (1505-1658): conflict with the Kandyan kingdom
- 2Dutch rule in Ceylon (1658-1796) and its influence on the political, economic, judicial, and administrative systems; commercial enterprises and missionary attempts
- 3The British in Ceylon from 1796: unification and early administration, the reforms of 1833, the transition from a subsistence to a commercial economy, the beginnings of constitutional government, nationalist unrest during World War I
ETibet and Nepal from c. 1750 to c. 1920
- 1Decline of Chinese influence in Tibet: administration and culture under the Manchus