Part One I › Division II II › Section 127 127

Electricity and Magnetism

Subject Outline

AThe static electric charge
- 1General phenomena of static electricity
  - aThe basic laws of electrostatics that relate the interaction of charged bodies at rest
  - bThe electrostatic field
  - cThe electric dipole
  - dElectrostatic energy and force
  - eElectricity in the atmosphere [see also 212.C., 221.A.3.b., and 223.B.2.]
- 2Electrostatics of dielectrics and capacitors: polarization
- 3Electrostatic potential
  - aHigh-voltage phenomena
  - bElectric fields and potential distributions in two and three dimensions
- 4Measurement of electrostatic forces and fields [see 723.D.1.e.]
BMoving charges and electric currents
- 1Direct electric current: current that flows in one direction
  - aGeneral phenomena of moving electric charges: definitions of electric quantities and their units
  - bElectromotive force
  - cBehaviour of direct currents in electric circuits: Ohm's law; Kirchhoff's laws; the principles of devices that measure or indicate the presence of current, potential difference, and resistance
- 2The conduction of electricity
  - aThe motion of charged particles in an electric field
  - bThe mechanisms of the conduction of electricity: in a vacuum, in gases, in liquids and solids, in metals and semiconductors
  - cThermoelectric effects: phenomena in which electric energy is transformed into thermal energy or vice versa
  - dElectron emission: thermionic emission, secondary emission, photoelectric emission
- 3Alternating electric currents: current that reverses itself with uniform frequency
  - aFaraday's law of electromagnetic induction
  - bThe mathematical and graphical representation of alternating currents
  - cBasic laws of alternating current circuits
  - dThe detection and measurement of alternating currents and voltages [see 723.D.1.e.]
  - eParallel resonant circuits
  - fAlternating current bridges for determining impedance
  - gPropagation of electric waves in cables
  - hFilters that select signals
  - iTransient phenomena of alternating circuits
  - jEddy currents and skin, or surface, effects
  - kPrinciples of generation and transmission of ac single- and multiphase power
- 4Primary effects and properties of electric fields and currents
  - aMagnetic effects of steady electric currents [see C.2., below]
  - bMagnetic effects of changing currents [see C.4., below]
  - cForce, energy, and power associated with electromagnetic fields
  - dThe generation of electromagnetic radiation by the changing of currents in circuits
- 5Effects of electricity on matter
  - aPiezoelectricity and applications of the phenomenon
  - bOptical effects: electroluminescence, Kerr effect, Stark effect
  - cThermal effect: resistance heating
  - dChemical effects: electrolysis, electro-osmosis, electrophoresis
  - eBioelectric effects: effects associated with nerve, brain, and muscle action in which potential differences occur and can be influenced by applied potential
CMagnetism
- 1General phenomena of magnetic systems
- 2Magnetic effects of steady electric currents
  - aThe magnetic field of steady currents: Ampere's law, the law of Biot and Savart
  - bThe magnetic moment of a current loop
  - cThe magnetic field of a solenoid
- 3Motion of charged particles in magnetic and electric fields
  - aThe force on a moving charge
  - bMotion of charges in uniform flux density
  - cMotion of charges in combined electric and magnetic fields
  - dMagnetic dipole moments: atomic moments, nuclear moments, magnetic resonance
- 4Magnetic effects of varying currents
  - aThe laws of electromagnetic induction
  - bInductance and magnetic energy
- 5Properties of magnetic materials
  - aThe classification of magnetic substances
  - bInduced and permanent atomic magnetic dipoles
  - cMagnetism of matter
    - iDiamagnetism
    - iiParamagnetism
    - iiiFerromagnetism
    - ivAntiferromagnetism
    - vFerrimagnetism
    - viTerrestrial magnetism [see also 212.B.]
  - dAtomic structure and magnetism
DThe theory of fields in physics
- 1The definition of a field in physics: the scope of field theory
- 2Mathematical treatment of fields
- 3Classification of fields: material and nonmaterial fields; scalar, vector, and tensor fields
- 4Examples of scalar, vector, and tensor fields in ordinary space
- 5Fields with distributions in more than three dimensions
EThe electromagnetic field and the theory of electromagnetic radiation
- 1The classical theory of radiation
  - aThe development of concepts and theories concerning the nature of light
  - bSemiquantitative treatment of electromagnetic radiation: Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic nature of light
  - cThe electromagnetic spectrum
- 2The quantum theory of radiation
  - aEvidences of the particle nature of electromagnetic radiation: Compton effect, photoelectric effect, Raman effect
  - bThe wave-particle duality of the photon
  - cThe interaction of electromagnetic radiation with atomic and molecular structures: absorption, emission, and scattering processes
  - dThe relation of electromagnetic radiation to quantum theory and relativity
- 3The mathematical formulation of electromagnetic theory
  - aMaxwell's equations for electromagnetic fields and radiation
  - bTransmission of radiation in free space
  - cWave equations in space bounded by conductors
  - dScattering of electromagnetic waves
  - eElectromagnetic waves in material media
  - fThe functions of antennas
FRelativistic electrodynamics
- 1Electrodynamics in four-dimensional notation