The Nilotic Sudan and Ethiopia from c. ad 550 to 1885

Subject Outline

AThe Nilotic Sudan from c. 550 to 1885
- 1The medieval Christian kingdoms of Nobatia, Maqurrah, and 'Alwah; the Beja people
- 2The spread of Muslim domination from c. 639: Mamluk attacks in the 13th and 14th centuries, invasion of nomadic Arabs in the 15th century and intermarriage with Nubians, kingdom of 'Alwah as the last Christian barrier until its conquest (c. 1500)
- 3The rise of the Funj (c. 1500), the spread of Islam
- 4The Egyptian occupation from 1820 to 1885: the administration of Muhammad All and his successors, Isma'Il Pasha and the growth of British influence
BEthiopia and Eritrea from c. ad 650 to 1855
- 1The decline of the Christian Aksum empire (c. 600-c. 976): cordial relations with Islamic states to the 8th century, conflicts with neighbouring peoples in the 9th century
- 2The Zagwe dynasty (c. 12th--13th century), the Solomonid restoration (1270), the influence of the Coptic Church on culture and religion
- 3Contacts with the Portuguese (1520-c. 1632), Muslim invasion under Ahmad Gran (1531-43) and establishment of Turkish garrisons in the 16th century, brief conciliation with the Roman Catholic Church (early 17th century)