Part Five V › Division II II › Section 524 524

Human Populations: Urban and Rural Communities

Subject Outline

AThe composition and change of human populations
- 1Determinants of population
  - aHuman fertility and its control
  - bMortality: death rates and longevity
  - cMigration and refugee movements
- 2Historical changes in population
- 3Theories of population
  - aPremodern beliefs: pronatalism versus birth control
  - bMercantilist theory
  - cLaissez-faire theory
  - dMalthusian theory
  - eMarxist theory
  - fModern theories of population; e.g., optimum population size, optimum rate of population growth, relationship between population and demographic movements
  - gEcological theories concerning the relationship between human population growth and the conservation of natural resources
- 4Governmental policies influencing population growth and composition
- 5The future of the world's population: population projections and problems of the population explosion
BDevelopment of modern cities
- 1Characteristics of urbanization
- 2History of urbanization
- 3Patterns of urban planning
  - aMethods and materials of urban planning and redevelopment
  - bSocial aspects of urban planning and redevelopment
- 4Trends in urbanization
  - aMegalopolis: the coalescence of several metropolitan areas into a contiguous agglomeration of people and activity
  - bSuburbanization: the growth of politically separate but economically dependent residential communities surrounding large cities
  - cRegional integration: economic and cultural interaction between the city and its hinterland
  - dThe role of technology in extending the dominance and influence of urban concentrations
  - eProblems of urban growth and population control
  - fProblems of environmental change: pollution, climatic change